Five Survive

Jackson uses repetition to create tension, signify trauma, and explore the mental states of different characters. The repetition of “red dot” highlights the constant danger the characters face, creating tension in the novel. Similarly, Red’s compulsive repetition of the RV’s length, which is 31 feet, highlights the way her mind works and how she becomes obsessed with a thought to avoid thinking about her trauma. Regarding Oliver, the narrator repeatedly describes Oliver as having “puppet strings.” First, this implies his impulsiveness controls him; his emotions are his puppeteer, pulling the puppet strings. Second, it points to Oliver’s performance, which is tied to his toxic masculinity. Oliver is constantly performing the role of the patriarchal leader, who is always in control. However, as the novel progresses, his performance becomes increasingly unhinged.

Jackson also uses structural repetition in the form of flashbacks. Red keeps having flashbacks about her mom, and readers learn about Grace’s death as the flashbacks get more intense and immersive. This creates a sense of unity between the reader's perspective and Red’s mental state and perspective. Since Five Survive is a mystery and thriller novel, the slow dissemination of information signifies Red’s trauma and sustains tension, keeping readers invested.